Disclaimer: Some links jump to outside sites for further information on the Bible, interpretations, the canon, translations, manuscripts, resources, and other perspectives. Links do not constitute an endorsement by the Women's Division of the information on other web sites. External web sites offer us diverse perspectives; afford us an opportunity to compare them to United Methodist positions; and, encourage us to critically analyze the issues raised by The Bible: the Book that Bridges the Millennia web pages.
Byzantine Art. Photos and information about Christian art in the 6th through 10th centuries. Many examples are from Hagia Sophia in Constantinople and S. Vitale in Ravenna.
Hagia Sophia, 537 by Procopius (c.490/507-c.560s): An account of the rebuilding of the Church of Holy Wisdom by Emperor Justinian (with graphics of Justinian and Hagia Sophia).
Jerusalem in Early Christian Times (Israeli government). History, details about churches built by Constantine, images from the Cardo (street), Church of the Holy Sepulchre.
Churches and Monuments in Ravenna. S. Apollinare Nuovo, The Arian Baptistery, The Basilica of San Vitale, S. Apollinare in Classe, and more are on this site. Not only are the outsides of the churches shown but also mosaics that are inside. A very interesting web site.
Medieval Architecture Links Page (NetSERF)
Monuments and basilicas in Assisi. Santa Maria Maggiore, Basilica of St.Francis, Basilica of St. Clare and more are featured on this Assisi web site.
Thessaloniki. Thessaloniki, home of the church of the Thessalonians that Paul wrote to, has a number of examples of Byzantine art. Pictures of two Byzantine churches, St. Demetrius and St. Sophia, can be viewed on this site.
The Age of King Charles V (1338-1380). 1,000 Illuminations from the Department of Manuscripts of the The Bibliothèque Nationale de France.
Calligraphy and Illuminations Links. Lots of categorized links, many of them related to Medieval Christian art.
Celtic Clip Art. Has freeware Celtic cross and Celtic trinity designs, some inspired by the Book of Kells.
Medieval Art Links Page (NetSERF)
Medieval and Renaissance Art. Examples of Architecture, Icons, Illuminations, Metalwork and Jewellery, Mosaics and Frescoes, Sculpture and Carving, Stained Glass, Textiles
Romanesque Art and Gothic Art (University of Illinois). Chronology, lots of art categorized by type, country, and date, including lots of art from Bibles.
Bulgarian Icons. Icon painting in Bulgaria must have originated officially with the adoption of Christianity in 865 under Prince Boris (Mihail). Bulgaria, having adopted Christianity from the Byzantine church, was the first Slavic country to have mastered this significant medieval art and taken part in spreading it.
Russian Icons. A Sampling of Russian Icons, 12-15th centuries. See also: Andrey Rublev and a description of his famous icon of the Trinity.
Ukrainian Icons, 11th-14th Centuries
Illuminated manuscripts from the 13th to 16th centuries (Web Gallery of Art). This site is a must visit. You can view the art in 3 different sizes. Most of the art also has historical commentary and information about the artist or work. You can even send an electronic "postcard" of your favorite art to a friend."
Medieval and Renaissance Book Production - Manuscript Books by Richard W. Clement. There is a widely held, yet erroneous, belief that the invention of the book was concurrent with the invention of printing.... After all, the hand-produced book is called a manuscript, not simply a book, and early-printed books are called incunabula, books in their infancy. ... The book, or more properly the codex, was invented in the first century AD, and has continued to this day with relatively few changes....
Paging Through Medieval Lives: Illumination and Calligraphy From Selected Collections, Utah Museum of Fine Arts
(chronological order)
The Book of Kells (University of British Columbia). Pictures and short background.
The Book of Kells (Oregon State University). The Book of Kells is an illuminated or decorated manuscript of the four Gospels. Its calligraphy and penmanship have earned it a reputation as the most beautiful book in the world. It was begun at he island monastery of Iona; completed at Kells, Ireland following the Viking invasion of 805. Lots of pictures, information, links.
The Lindisfarne Gospels (Great Britain, the British Museum). The Lindisfarne Gospels is one of the most important inheritances from early Northumbria. Written and illuminated about 698 in honour of St Cuthbert, the famous Bishop of Lindisfarne, who died in 687, it is a masterpiece of book production and a historic and artistic document of the first rank. Includes photos of the gospels, background, and ordering information for a book and video.
The Book of Hours The Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry is called "the king of the illuminated manuscripts." It is also a high point in the history of painting. Commissioned by Jean, Duc de Berry in 1413, it was painted by the Limbourg brothers who left it unfinished at their (and the Duc's) death in 1416. Jean Colombe completed the painting of the manuscript between 1485-1489.
Bible Illustrations from Syriac Manuscripts
The Rabbula Gospels. The four Gospels were written completed in the Greek year 897. The bishop of Edessa, Rabbula [411-435] ordered that the churches should read the gospels A little later, Thedoret, bishop of Cyrus, [423-457] collected the copies of the Diatesseron (a gospel that blended the four gospels) in order to introduce in their stead the Gospels of the four Evangelists.
Medieval English Drama: Modernized Performance Texts by Alexandra F Johnston. The plays in the N-Town manuscript provide a wide variety of types of Biblical drama from the two-part Passion Play and the plays on the Virgin Mary to well-crafted stand-alone single episode plays such as the Trial of Mary and Joseph and the Woman Taken in Adultery.
Medieval Theatre by Eric W. Trumbull. An introduction to theater.
Middle English Plays. Introduction by Kathleen Campbell, texts of the plays, essays and articles.
Woman as Termagant in The Towneley Cycle by Mary P. Freier, Essays in Medieval Studies.
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