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Disclaimer: Some links jump to outside sites for further information on the Bible, interpretations, the canon, translations, manuscripts, resources, and other perspectives. Links do not constitute an endorsement by the Women's Division of the information on other web sites. External web sites offer us diverse perspectives; afford us an opportunity to compare them to United Methodist positions; and, encourage us to critically analyze the issues raised by The Bible: the Book that Bridges the Millennia web pages.
Biblical Resources. A list of and links to the best Bible resources on the Internet.
The Book of Q Sites concerning the proposed missing list of Jesus sayings, called the Book of Q (for Quelle).
Interpreting Ancient Manuscripts. Developed by Brown University, the main focus of the web is on the process used to study the ancient manuscripts upon which the New Testament is based. There are also pictures of papyrus rolls, the tools scribes used to do manuscripts, and other ancient objects.
Refrigerium Early Christian Web Site. This site gives many resources on early Christianity and provides the user with up-to-date articles of interest from various publications. The Synoptic Gospels Primer. This site designed to provide background and understanding concerning the "Synoptic Problem."
Resource
Pages for Biblical Studies. These
pages focus on early Christian writings and the social
world in which they were written. Tons of resources
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The American Bible Society: translators and distributors of Bibles for over 150 years.
The Art of Bible Making. This page has pictures of the Gutenberg Press and the Gutenberg Bible.
The Book of Hours The Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry is called "the king of the illuminated manuscripts." It is also a high point in the history of painting. Commissioned by Jean, Duc de Berry in 1413, it was painted by the Limbourg brothers who left it unfinished at their (and the Duc's) death in 1416. Jean Colombe completed the painting of the manuscript between 1485-1489.
The Book of Kells (Oregon State University). The Book of Kells is an illuminated or decorated manuscript of the four Gospels. Its calligraphy and penmanship have earned it a reputation as the most beautiful book in the world. It was begun at he island monastery of Iona; completed at Kells, Ireland following the Viking invasion of 805. Lots of pictures, information, links.
Desiderius Erasmus (1466-1536) (Catholic Encyclopedia). Biographical information, comments about Erasmus, an editor of a version of the Greek New Testament called the Textus Receptus.
The Diatesseron of Tatian. A compilation of the four gospels done by Tatian in the second century that was very popular, particularly in Syria.
The Geneva Bible: Forgotten Translation. An article about the translation used by William Shakespeare and the Puritans. See also Notes from the Geneva Bible on the same web site.
History of the Bible. A short history by the American Bible Society.
History of the Translation of the Bible intinto Estonian with a picture of the cover of the a first edition of Estonian Bible (1739).
The Hussites. The Hussites were followers of John Hus (Jan Hus) who was declared a heretic and executed. He promoted the reading of the New Testament and the Hebrew Bible by lay people in the common language because he felt that lay people had the ability to interpret the scriptures for themselves.
International Bible Society The International Bible Society was founded in 1809 in New York. In 1810, IBS granted missionary translator William Carey $1,000 to help translate the Bible into the Bengali language. This Bible is still being used in India today
The Lindisfarne Gospels (the British Museum). The Lindisfarne Gospels is one of the most important inheritances from early Northumbria. Written and illuminated about 698 in honour of St Cuthbert, the famous Bishop of Lindisfarne, who died in 687, it is a masterpiece of book production and a historic and artistic document of the first rank. Includes photos of the gospels, background, and ordering information for a book and video.
The Lord's Prayer in 391 Languages. These are the languages reproduced at The Cloister of the Pater Noster in Jerusalem. Included also at this site are reproductions of some of the ceramic tiles from the cloister.
Rare Bibles at the Eden-Webster Library. List and information about the rare Bibles that are housed at this library.
The Tyndale New Testament (the British Museum). These New Testaments were shipped in bales of cloth down the Rhine, and across into various ports in England. Orchestrated by Cardinal Wolsey, a campaign to eradicate `Lutheranism' in England included the thorough seeking out and confiscating of Tyndale's writings, and the punishing of those who had them. Includes a photo of a page from the Bible and background.
Versions of the New Testament by Robert B. Waltz: * Anglo-Saxon * Arabic * Armenian * Coptic: Sahidic, Bohairic, Other Coptic versions * Ethiopic * Georgian * Gothic * Latin: Old Latin , Vulgate * Old Church Slavonic * Syriac: Diatessaron, Old Syriac, Peshitta, Philoxenian, Harklean, Palestinian, "Karkaphensian." This page is long; lots of content. It also has pictures of some of these old manuscripts.
John Wyclif, Translater and Controversialist. John Wyclif (also spelled Wycliffe, Wycliff, Wicliffe, or Wiclif)is chiefly remembered and honored for his role in Bible translating. In the early 1380's he led the movement for a translation of the Bible into English, and two complete translations (one much more idiomatic than the other) were made at his instigation.
Wycliffe Bible Translators Cameron Townsend, Wycliffe Bible Translator's founder, choose to use the name "Wycliffe" for this organization because it, like John Wycliff, believed every person should have a Bible in their language.This group has translated over 430 New Testaments and is working on more than 1053 others. Their translations are published primarily by The Bible League, the American Bible Society and the International Bible Society.
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The Biblical Canon Of The Ethiopian Orthodox Church Today by R. W. Cowley Ostkirchliche Studien, 1974, Volume 23, pp. 318-323. The Biblical corpus is recognised in Ethiopia as a limited group of writings, and is generally called 'the 81 books'. This present study is concerned with establishing the canon list considered to be normative today by the authorities most respected by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church.
Books of the Ethiopian Bible (the Ethiopian books are listed in a transliteration of the Amharic language.)
The Canon of the New Testament by F. F. Bruce. Chapter 3 in The New Testament Documents: Are They Reliable? (5th edition; Leicester: Intervarsity Press, 1959)
Canon of The New Testament by W. Hartono. The question why the New Testament has twenty seven books, not more and not less, hardly comes to our mind. While all of us are unlikely to think that they just simply dropped from the sky, we may not realize the long process which took place before those twenty seven books were finally selected.
Canon of the New Testament. This article from the Roman Catholic Perspective explores the New Testament Canon; the period of discussion; the period of fixation; and subsequent history of the New Testament Canon.
Development of the New Testament Canon by Glenn Davis. This survey covers a small part of the huge body of New Testament studies --- how the Church selected certain writings as authoritative and separated them from a larger body of early Christian literature.
The Ecumenical Councils from a Roman Catholic Perspective. Lists councils and heresies from the 1st one to most recent ones. Includes the Council of Trent, which declared Protestantism a heresy.
The Hebrew and Christian Bibles: A Comparative Chart by Prof. Felix Just, S.J., Loyola Marymount University. Although the "New Testament" used by almost all Christians contains the same twenty-seven books, there are several important differences between the "Old Testament" used by various Jewish and Christian groups.
How the Books of the New Testament Were Selected, Chapter 2 of An Introduction to the New Testament by Richard Heard (Harper & Brothers, New York, 1950). The process by which the books of our New Testament came to acquire their canonical authority was a long one, and in the case of such books as II Peter and Revelation involved much controversy. There were two main stages in the growth of the canon, first a period extending from the writing of the books to about A.D. 200 when most of the New Testament books had been collected and had acquired a position of authority side by side with that of the Old Testament, and then a further period of two centuries and more in which the bounds of the New Testament were finally fixed with very general agreement.
The Origins of the Hebrew Bible and Its Components by Mark Hamilton. The sacred books that make up the anthology modern scholars call the Hebrew Bible - and Christians call the
Old Testament - developed over roughly a millennium. (PBS Frontline, "From Jesus to Christ")
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Christian Heresies of the Classical Era. Articles about and primary sources on Arianism, Docetism, Donatism, Eunomianism, Gnosticism, Manichaeism, Marcionism, Monarchianism, Nestorianism, Origenism, Pelagianism
The Dead Sea Scrolls. The Library of Congress produced this site to introduce people to the finding of the Dead Sea Scroll, manuscripts written in Jesus' time. The site describes the historical context of the scrolls and the Qumran community from whence they may have originated; it also relates the story of their discovery 2,000 years later.
Encyclopedia of Early Church Leaders. Produced by the University of Evansville, this site lists resources and articles on early church leaders.
Egyptian Antiquity Information. As we explore the Bible, this site offers resources and educational material on Egypt.
The Gnostic Society Library. This site explores Jewish and Christian Apocryphal material, the Peudepigrapha, Gnostic writings, writings against the Gnostics by the Church Fathers, and much more.
Gospel of Thomas. Everything you ever wanted to know about the Gospel of Thomas.
Guide to Early Church Documents. This index created by the Institute for Christian Leadership gives a lot of information on the New Testament Canon; writings of the Apostolic Fathers; Patristic Texts; Creeds; and many other documents.
The Nag Hammadi Library. A collection of thirteen ancient codices containing over fifty texts, which was discovered in upper Egypt in 1945. This discovery includes a large number of primary Gnostic scriptures -- texts once thought to have been entirely destroyed during the early Christian struggle to define "orthodoxy" -- texts such as the Gospel of Thomas, the Gospel of Philip, and the Gospel of Truth
These links go to actual texts of books outside of the Protestant Canon. Some of these texts are part of other Christian canons.
The Acts of Paul and Thecla Thecla's story is one of many in the Apocryphal Acts which portray women giving up riches and sexual activity to follow the Apostles.
The Martyrdom of Saints Perpetua and Felicitas This is the prison diary of a young woman martyred in Carthage in 202 or 203 CE. The beginning and ending are related by an editor/narrator; the central text contains the words of Perpetua herself.
Thunder, Perfect Mind This mysterious poem, discovered among the gnostic manuscripts at Nag
Hammadi, is narrated by a female divine revealer.
From the Wesley Center for Applied Theology at Northwest Nazarene College
Apostolic Fathers
The Audio Bible Listen to the Bible on the World Wide Web.
Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Letter from a Birmingham Jail. A look at injustices in the Civil Rights era from a Biblical viewpoint.
New Media Bible, by the American Bible Society (Testing)
Research Center for Scripture and Media. The Center, a program of the American Bible Society, supports applied and theoretical research into the theoretics of new media Bible translation and communication.
Resource Pages for Biblical Studies. This page is mostly links to resources for historical Biblical information and it also explores Biblical and ethical question involved with using computer technology.
Bible Links Main Menu: Frames - No Frames
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"Lots of Links to Biblical Resources" has been compiled by the Rev. Nancy A. Carter, Ph.D. Please send suggestions and corrections to her at ncarter@gbgm-umc.org. Dr. Carter has an M.Div. from Union Theological Seminary in New York City, where she won the Hitchcock Award in Church History. Her Ph.D. is in literary studies (literature and theology) from American University in Washington, D.C. She has authored books for church laity including Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew: Who Do You Say That I Am?, a spiritual growth study for United Methodist Women written with Bishop Leontine T. C. Kelly.
